Internal-combustion engine



Feb. 1, 1927.

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Filed Dec 19. 1922 7 Sheets-Sheet 6 I I fierman D0 I 3 4;.- Ma} Feb. 1,1927; n 1,616,029 r v v I H. DOCK INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed Dec. 1 1922 7 Sheets-Sheet 7 i 1 l I N fnuenioi': Herman Zack Patented Feb. 1, 1927.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HERMAN DOCK, OF PLEASANTVILLE, NEW' YORK, ASSIGNOE TO THE DOCK ENGINE COMPANY, INC., OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Application filed December 19, 1922. Serial No. 607,793.

This invention relates to internal combustion engines and to rotary valves therefor, though it is noted that the invention is not limited to engines nor rotary valves nor even in some respects to valves.

One object of the invention is to provide an apparatus of this kind in which the valve action is adapted for either stationary cylin ders or oscillatory cylinders, particularly the latter. I

Another object of the invent-ion is to provide an apparatus in which the valve is proof against detrimental leakage and is not affected by expansion of the parts.

Another object of the invention is to provide an apparatus or device of this kind which is relatively short for its power, which has a minimum of objectionable features and in which the thrust on piston and crank is direct.

A leading feature of the present improvements relates to the organization of valve mechanism whereby the timing of the port openings and port closure is effected in such a manner as to secure a high efiiciency in the operation of, the piston mechanism, and in the utilization of the piston actuating fluids.

A further feature consists in the combination of the aforesaid purposes of two coacting port-control members, of which one has a continuous rotary movement and of which the other has a rotative movement in opposite directions alternately and thereby producing a peculiar and effective control of the distribution of the piston actuating fluids.

One feature of the valve, or port-control, mechanism herein illustrated, consists in means in the nature of drainage channels or grooves located in part in one valve surface and .in part in the other, but coacting, alve surface whereby the separative pressures due to inter-facial liowage of the actuating fluids shall be controlled or limited in such a manner as to provide the necessary relief during one partof cycle of operation and to provide a protection against undue leakage or interfacial flowage,especially from a supply port directly to an exhaust port, d ring one of the stages of the cycle of valve operation.

Another and important object is to proride for utilizing the aforesaid improvein ization of mechanism in i the said oscillating, or oppositely ro tative, part of the control member may have its movement coincident with the oscillations I of a cylinder in a piston machine of the oscillating type for thereby utilizing a single crank in connection with the oscillating movements of the cylinder and the reciprocation of the piston therein, and also for imparting said oscillating movements to said valve member, and for doing this in such a manner that the so-called dead center position of the crank as regards the piston stroke shall be transverse (approximately at right angles) to the dead center positions of the same crank relatively to the movements of the oscillatory valve member.

Other objects of the invention are to improve generally the simplicity and eiiiciency of such apparatus and to provide an apparatus of this kind which is durable, economical to manufacture and operate and which will not get out of order. v

The inventive features for the accomplishment of these and other objects are shown in connection with an improved engine which, briefly stated, comprises a cylinder member provided with a sleeve having an oscillatory port, and a piston in the bore of the cylinder member connected to a crank of the crank shaft. A rotary valve member,

in said sleeve, rotated at half the speed of the crank shaft is provided with an exhaust conduit positioned to communicate with said oscillatory port during exhaust and with an intake opening adapted for communication with said oscillatory port during the intake stroke.

The valve action herein described is for a four-cycle engine, but many of the features are adaptable for other styles of engines and valves.

Other objects of the invention will appear as the description proceeds; and while herein details of the invention are described, th 1 invention is not limited to these, since many and various changes may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, or exceeding the scope of the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawing, showing by way of example, two of many possible embodiments of the invention,

Fig. 1 is a n elevation of one gine embodying my invention;

Fig; ii is 2 tral vertie'al sectional V e form of enpartly in elevation of the engine. taken axially of the cylinder member and a'otai'y valve member;

Fig. 3 is a substantially vertical sectional view, partly in.elevat .on, taken on the line Isi -X of Fig. 2 looking in the direction of the arrow of said line;

Figs. 3 and 3 are enlarged vertical sectional views taken transversely of the valve member showing different positions of the parts;

' Fig. i is a plan of the frame and oscillatory sleeve, parts beingremoved;

Fig. 5 is a transverse horizontal sectional view, partly in plan, taken axially of the main shaft;

Fig. 6 is a fragmental end elevation of the upper part of the engine;

' Fig. 7 isa transverse horizontal sectional view, taken on the l ne X of Fig. 2. looking in the direction of the arrow of saidline;

Fig. 8 is a vertical sectional view partly in elevation otanother term of the invention taken transverse to the axis of the valve ciated parts showing differentrelative posi-' tions of the parts, and

Figs. M to 21 are fragmental plans of said parts corresponding respectively to Figs. 14: and 21.

My improved engine shown in Figs. 1 to 7 has the movable parts thereon carried on a mechanism supporting frame 5 conn rising two spaced side members 6 (Fig. 3) provided at the lower part with base portions 7, and a-lined crank shaft hearings 8, and intermediatcly with inner vertical opposed slideways 11 (F T) and spring supports 12 below the lower ends of the slideways. Spacing rods connect and hold spaced the lower parts of said side members.

A jacketed port head 16 secured. by bolts 17 upon the upper end of the frame 5 is provided with a down "ardly opening semicylindrical bearing surface 18 substantially coaxial with and cooperating to term sleeve bearin s with semi-circular bearing tacos an hear. g members 19 2 and 6) bolted to oppositeends or the lower part of the head. 'Downwardly opening intake and exhaust ports 20 and 21 respectively pass into said heating surface 218st opposite ends at widely separated intake andexhaust zones defined by said ports. Said ports extend oppositely deter-ally from .the sides-of the head andconnect respectively with feed and exhaust pipes 22 and 23 (Fig. 1).

An oscillatory sleeve 25 diametrically oppositely longitudinally split as at 26 (Fig.

3 to permit transverse expansion of the provided atits upper end with an upwardly disposed bearing tace (Figs. 3 and 3 lit-ting on said sleeve 25 and provided axially of the piston with a large opening remaining in unrestricted connnunication with said oscillatory port 28.

Referring to Figs. 2 and 3 the large opening 36 is surrounded by a leakage reliet channel 37 in said face always out of communication with said oscillatory port and communicating by a channel 38 with the atmosphere by way of the split opening 2-6 to permit the escape-ct any gases that may leak into the ChannelST. Theextent of any inter-facial pressure is thuslimited by the channel 87. Strong springs 40 resting on said supports 12 of the side members press the bearing face of the cylinder member into close contact with the sleeve. The opening 36 being smaller than the cross-section of the cylinder bore forms an inner pressure face 39 surrounding the port; and

the relief channel 37 surrouiuling the port connects said relief channel with the exterior atmosphere, the pressure which may be er;- crted by leakage between the cylinder member and sleeve cannot be exerted in a zone beyond the channel I}? and can only be es:- erted n the zone all. But as this zone is-ol much smaller area than the tare the total. pressure on the "face is alway much greater than that in the zone, so that tirinestcontact at said zone is maintained. when the pressure in the cylinder is greatest.

he piston in the cylimlcr hos-e4}; of the cylinder member 33 is cormecterh by a cmrnect'ng rod l4 3) pivoted as at to the piston. with an intermediatemain crank l8 01 the crank shaft ll) in said bearings 8 ot the side members 6. The crank shaft- 49 carries a balance wheel on one end of the shaft and a small crank 51 at the other. An. actuating rod. it connected to said. small crank is universally pivoted to an arm 55 carried by a collar 56 (Figs. 1 and 2) fast on the sleeve The crank 51 and arm 56 are oi. such proportion and position relative to the piston 12 that said lower port 28 is oscillated a convenient angle, say about 12, each way from its lower vertical radius and is at its mid position at each end of the pii-iton stroke. A. rotary tubular mixing valve member fitted in said sleeve is rotatel at exactly halt the speed of the main crank shaft by means comprising a counter shaft 59, bevel gears 60 and 61 connee-ting the counter shaft with the main shaft, a sprocket chain 62 and lower and upper sprocket wheels 63 and ti l carrying the chain and fixed respectively on said counter shaft 59 and valve member 58, the upper sprocket serving for retaining said valve member and sleeve in place at one end, while a flange collar 65 (Fig. 2), on the other end of the valve. cylinder serves for retaining the valve and sleeve in place at the other end.

Conduit walls 68 (Fig. 2) form an exhaust conduit 69 (Fig. 3) passing diagonally through the valve cylinder out or com munication with the interior thereof and havin its discharge end 70 (Fig. 3) outside or said mid-zone and register-able with said exhaust port 21 during the exhaust stroke of the piston, and its receiving end 71 narrower than and positioned to communicate with said lower port 28 throughout, and just before the commencement of the exhaust stroke.

The valve member 25 is so timed, and has its direction of rotation such, as indicated by the arrow 75 of Fig. 3, that said oscillatory port 28 moves toward the receiving end 71 of the exhaust channel just before the exhaust stroke thereby to open the exhaust in advance of the commencement ol' the exhaust stroke, and then moves in the same direction as said receiving end 71 moves thereby to hold the exhaust channel in unrestricted communication with said lower opening during the latter part oi? the exhaust stroke and then moves in the reverse direction to efiect quick cut oil. The valve action will be more fully exif laine l in connection with the form of invention shown in Figs. 8 to 21.

'lhe valve member 25 is provided with an intake inlet opening 76 registenible with said upper opening 30 and intake port 20 during the intake stroke. The valve member has also an intake discharge opening 77 having its rear edge disposed a distance haust. fluid intake discharge opening 77 is adapted for communication with said oscillatory port during the intake stroke whereby the intake mixture passing through the tubular valve i'nember 25 in contact with the heated walls thereof and 'the'walls tie ot the exhaust conduit 69 are tlmroughly mixed by the rotary and heating action of the valve member, the centrifugal. force throwing the heavier constituents into el licient vaporizing contact with the walls ot the member. The oscillatory port 28 moves to meet intake discl'iarge opening 77 during the first half of the intake stroke to effect quick l'ull opening and moves with the intake discharge opening during the last half of the intake stroke to efl'ectgradual closing, as will be fully explained in connection with Figs. 16 to 18.

The sleeve 25 is provided with a pair oi relief channels 80 (Fig. 3) longitudinally disposed in the inner face of the sleeve near and to the front-and rear of the osciilatory port 28 and projecting into the ex haust zone, valve member 58 being provided with an arcuate connecting drainage chan nel 81 (Fig. 2) in said exhaust zone anl extending through the discharge end 70 ol the exhaust conduit to points near the re ceiving end 71 of the exhaust conduit and the intake discharge opening 70, as explained more fully with respect to Figs. 14- and 21. During compression, ignition and expansion the channels 80 and 81 form a banrier about the oscillatory port for the re ception of escaped gases; and the channel 81 connects said channels 80 with the exhaust port during exhaust to permit the escape of the entrapped gases.

The description of the cooperative features of the two valve l aces, one on the valve member proper and the other being on the oscillatory sleeve 25, having now been given in connection with diagran'is in Figsfl to 7, it will be noted that the successive port openings and port closures take place in accordance with the continuously advancing movement of the valve face oi": the valve member 58 upon, and relatively to, the inner face of the oscillatory sleeve, so that the rate of port opening and port closure is independent of the non-movement or movement of the cylinder member 33 itsell, but results entirely from the relative movement of the two ported surfaces oi said valve IIlCHllDQI and sleeve; the one upon the other. hen, however, the said ported valve face is on a cylindrical rotating memher, and the sleeve member also has a swinging movement, as in oscillating cylinder engines, the said relative movement of the valve face upon the eoactive ported face of the oscillatory sleeve is correspondingly varied as to the said relative rate of movement at successive periods in the rotation Ill) of the-crank-andasregards the stroke of the piston. Such :an 05 illating cylinder engine is shown in :Figs. '8 to .21.

In the form of invention shown in Figs. 8 to 21, the movable parts'of the engine are carried on :a mechanism supporting frame (Fig. 10 compri' two spaced side members 106 provided at the lower part with base portions 107, and alined crank shaft bearings 108,, and at the upper part with sleeve bearing block recesses 109 (F ig; 11) provided at the edge faces with vertical opposed slideways 111 and at the bottom with widened recessed spring supports 112 below the level of the lower ends of the slidev'ays. Bearing blocks 113 in said recesses are provided at the upper part with alined semi-circular valve member bearing 'aces and at theside edges with vertical guides 114 received on said slideways 111. Spacing rods 115 (Fig. 10) connect and hold spaced the lower parts of said side members.

lhe jacketed valve-port head 116 similar to the head 16 (Fig. 1) is mounted on the f sine and provided with a semi-cylindrical bearing surface 119 (Fig. 8-) cooperating with said semi-circular faces 110 to form sleeve bearings, and having intake and exhaust ports 120 and 121 (Fig. 10) respectively passing into said surface 119 at widely separated intake and exhaust zones defined by said openings.

The working cylinder member 123 (Fig. 8) is integrally provided at its upper end with an oscillatory sleeve 125 diametrically oppositely longitudinally split as at 126, and mounted in said sleeve bearing against said surface 119 and provided with a single oscillatory lower port 128 in a mid zone between and separate from said intake and exhaust zones. Said sleeve is provided with upper ports 130 and 181 10) remaining in communication with the inlet and exhaust ports 120 and 121 respectively. Strong springs i 11) resting in said recessed supports 112 of the side members and i-nthe bores 141 of said blocks 113 press the bearing face of the oscillatory sleeve into close contact with said bearing surface 119.

A piston 142 (F 8) in the bore 148 of cylinder member is provided with downnardly extending connecting' rod members 144 received in grooves 145 in a pair of pistoinguide extensions 146 extending longitudinally downwardly from opposite sides of the lower end of the cylinder inen'i'ber. Said rod members have a connecting; yoke portion 147 forming" the upper portion of a. crank bearing receiving a crank 148 (Fig. 10) of a crank shaft 14-9 in said bearings 108 of the side members and carrying a balance wheel 150. A lower bearing member 151 (Fig. 8) bolted to said yoke portion complementary to the upper member 14'? completes the crank bearing. Said crank 148 is of snch length relative to the piston member that said oscillatory port 128 is oscillated a suitable angle, say about 12, each way from its lower vertical radius, and the :port is obviously at its mid position at each end of the piston stroke, as shown in Figs. 14, 16, .18 and 20. A rotary tubular mixing valve member 158 fitted in said sleeve 1:25 is very similar to the rotary valve member and is rotated at exactly half the 1 speed of the main crank shaft by means coinprisin a fixed idler shaft 159 (Fig. 10)., an idler gear 162 loose on the idler shaft and :gears 163 and 164 meshing therewith and fixed respectively on said main shaft 149 and valve 158, the upper gear 164 serving for retaining said valve member and sleeve in place at one end, a flange or collar 165 fixed on-the other end of the valvecylinder serving for retaining the valve andsleeve in place at that end.

As in said rotary valve member 58 (Fig. .1) an exhaust conduit 169 (Figs. 8 and 14) passes diagonally through the valve member 158 and has its wide discharge end 170 out side of said mid-zone and registerable with said exhaust port during exhaust, and its receivin end 171 positioned to communicate ithsaid oscillatory port 128 throughout,

and just before, the commencement of the exhaust stroke In the diagram of Fig. 12, the arrows represent the piston movement and direction and are labeled to indicate the order of the stroke.

In the diagram of Fig. 13, the radii between the circumference and the light line ,2) are substantially proportional to the displacement of the piston from its lower limit for different positions the rotary valve men her. The dotted radii represent angu- .lar positions of the valve member as shown amount of valve opening during exhaust;

and the radii bet-ween the circumference and the line i are proportional to the amount of valve opening during intake.

The valve member 158 is so timed and, as shown by the arrows of Figs. 18 to 21, has its direction of rotationsnch that the oscillatory .port 128 has moved (rightwardly in Fig. 21.) toward the receiving end 171 of the exhaust channel at the middle of the power stroke just before the commencement of the exhaust stroke (as indicated by e of Fig. 13), thereby to meet the receiving end 171 and open the exhaust and permit commencement of scavenging sl ghtly in advance of the commencement of the exhaust stroke so that the exhaust will then be slightly open as shown in Fig. ll, and as indicated by the radial line segment L14, 6 of Fig. 13. As the piston completes the power stroke, the port 128 moves to its mid position and continues to move in the same direction as said receiving end 171 moves to the position of Fig. 15, thereby to open the exhaust channel fully and hold it fully open in unrestricted and eilicient scavenging communication with the exhaust port during the third quarter of the exhaust stroke as indicated by the line segment 6 e of Fig. 13. The port 128 then moves, from the position of Fig. 15 to that of Fig. 16, in the reverse direction to the receiving end 171 to efiect quick cut-o5, as indicated by the sharply inclined segment 14" 6 The valve member 158 is provided with an intake inlet opening 176 registerable with said upper opening 136 and intake port 120 during the intake stroke, and an intake di charge opening 177 disposed in its entirety forward of the receiving end 171 a distance very slightly greater than the width of the oscillatory port, as shown in Fig. 16, as stated of the valve member 58. The opening 177 is adapted for communication with said oscillatory port 128 during the intake stroke, whereby the intake mixture ismixed by the rotary and heating action of the valve memher. The oscillatory valve meets the intake discharge opening 177 at the. commencement of the intake stroke, at about the position 2'" of Fig. 13, and as shown in Fig. 16 and con tinues to move toward the opening 177 during the first half of the intake stroke to effeet quick full opening, as indicated by the line segment i, i which is maintained a short while as indicated by the segment 2' 2' and moves in the'same direction as the intake discharge opening 177 during the last halt of the intake stroke to effect gradual closing, as indicated by the segment '5 it to prevent shock to the intake air column. Fig. 18 shows the intake nearly closed. The inner face of the sleeve 125 is provided with a pair of relief channels 180 (Figs. 14- and 141-) longitudinally disposed to the front and rear of the oscillatory port 128 and projecting into the exhaust zone. The valve member 158 is provided in said exhaust zone, and near but outside of said mid-zone, but remote 151011113116 intake zone, with an arcuate drainage channel 181 extending through the discharge end 170 (Fig. 17) of the exhaust conduit to points 185 and 186 near the receiving end 171 of the exhaust conduit and near the intake discharge opening 177. During compression (Fig. 19),

ignition (Fig. 20) and expansion (Fig. 21), the channels 180 and 181 connect and form a flowage barrier about the oscillatory port for the reception of leakage of explosion gases; and said channels are connected with the exhaust port during exhaust (Figs. 11 and 15) to permit theescapeof the entrapped gases. Said channels never permit the escape of the intake gases, or the mingling of the intake and exhaust. As the channel 180 isremote from opening 176 and is outside of the mid-zone, and terminates short of the opening 17 7, it does not at any time directly connect the intake with the exhaust. As the channels 180 are outside of the intake zone, they never directly connectwith the opening 180. Figs. 16, 17 and 18 show the extreme positions in which the intake opening 177 communicates with the channels 180. In Fig. 16, the intake is closed and the channel 181 does not reach either channel 180. In Fig. 17, the exhaust conduit is entirely closed. In the position of Fig. 18, the opening 177 is closed and neither the port 128 nor the channel 181 has access to the channel 180 with which the opening 177 then communicates.

As both openings 176 and 17 7 are outside of the exhaust zone, they never can communicate with the exhaust port itself.

The mechanism just described makes possible an ei'ficicnt valve action for oscillating cylinder engines, whereby advantage can be taken of the low height, absence of wrist-pin and direct piston thrust inherent in the oscillatory cylinder type of engine.

Theoscillatory port 128 being smaller than the cross-section of the cylinder bore forms an inner pressure face 85 (Fig. 8) surrounding the port; and the channels 180 and 181 surrounding the port form a partial inner zone 186 (Fig. 20 of less area than said face 85. As the channels form a sort of storage chamber for relieving the pres sure which may be exerted by leakage between the cylinder member and sleeve, this pressure cannot be. exerted in a zone beyond the channels and can therefore only be exerted in this zone 186. But as this zone is of much smaller area than the face 185, the total pressure on the face 185 isalways much greater than, and more than counter balances, that in the zone 186, so that firmest contact at said zone is maintained when the pressure in the cylinder is greatest.

The sleeve 125, being longitudinally split at 126, is transversely expansible against the action of the springs 140, thus permitting transverse expansion of the rotary valve member 158 under action of heat, and is always held in efficient contact with the valve member and port head by the pressure of the explosion and of the springs 140.

I claim:

1. In an internal combustion engine, an

actuating; fluidi distribution control device comprising oscillatory means having a P1111 rality of more than two ports, hollowcon:-- tinuously rotary. meanscooperat-ing with the oscillatory means and having aplurality of: more than two ports and means for rotating said rotary: meanstoicause the portsof said rotary means successively to register with the ports in said: oscillatory means to establish communication= therewith and again to come out of register and shut 01f communication therewith.

2; In an internal combustion engine, an actuating fluid; distribution control device comprising oscillatory. meanshaying. a plus rality of more'than two ports, and hollow continuously rotary means cooperating with the oscillatory means and having a plu= rality of more than-two ports, two of the ports of said rotary means being operatively connected and separated by the operatively connecting means from the other ports of the rotary means,

3: In aninternal combustion engine,-. an actuating fluid distribution control device comprising oscillatory means having anactuating fluid=intake port: anactuating'fluid outlet port and a used fl-uiddischarge port, and continuously rotary means: cooperating with theoscillatory-means and having an actuating fluid intake port, an actuating fluid outlet port, a used fluid intake port5 and aused fluid outlet: port, the last men? ti-oned ports be mg operatively connected and separated by the connecting means from-the other ports of'the rotary means.

4. In an internal combustion engineen actuating fluid distribution control' device comprisingoscillatory meanshaving an a actuating fluid intake port, anactuating fluid -outlet= portand a. used fluid discharge port, and continuously rotary means cooperating with the oscillatory means and having. an actuating fluid intake port, an actuating fluid outlet port a used fluid intake port and a used fluid outlet port; the used fluid intake port and the used" fluid 7 outletport of the rotary means b'e-ingconnec-ted by acon duitz v 5. In an internal combustion engine, in combination, oscillatory- Val've meanshaving anactuatingfiuidintake port, an actuating fluidoutIet port and a used-fluiddischarge port; continuously rotary valve means having an actuatingfl'uid'intake-porn an actu ating fluid: outlet port, a used fluid: intake port and a usede fluid 1 outlet-port; 1 and V a cyl; inder; having apertoperative at onetime as an actuating fluid intake -t port and at another time asa usedifluid outlet; port; the actuating fluid intake porttheqoscilla: toryumeans coacting with the actuating fluid intake port; of: the rotary means; the; actuating fluid outlet port of the rotaryuneans coactingv with the'port of saidcylin'der; when said port acts as an actuating fluid? intake port, the usedEfluid intake port of the rotary meanscoacting with the port of; said cylinder-When said cylinder port acts-as a used fluid outlet port, and coacting withthe used fluid discharge'port of the oscillatory means for clearing said cylinder of used fluidythe actuating fluid outlet. port ot the oscillatory means being at all timesin communication' with said cylinder port.

6; In an internal combustion engine, in combinatiom oscillatory? Valve meanshaving aniactuatingrfluid intake port, an= actuating fluid outlet port and used fluid discharge port; continuously rotary valve ineanshavingan actuatingtluid intake port, an actuating fluid outlet port a; useji fluidi intake port and a used fluidcutleL. portgthe-used fluid intake and theused:fluidloutlet ports-0t the rotary means beingoperatirely'connect-ed by a conduit; and azcylinder; having a port operative ati one time as an actuating fluid intake port and at another time as a used fluid outlet: port; the actuatin-gfluid intal e port of the oscillatory means coacting with the actuating fluid intake port of the rotary inea-ns the actuating fluid outlet; port ofi the rotary means'coacting with the-port of; the cylinder when said port acts as an actuating fluid intake-port, the used: fluid intake port of the rotary. means-roasting with the-port of: the-cylindeu when said cylinder poi-tracts asa used fluidoutletport,and the-conduit connected used fluid intake and used; fl'uid outlet." ports of the rotary! means coacting with the usedi fluid) discharge port of the oscillatory meansy the actuating fluid outlet port; of the oscillatory means being at: all. times in:communication'with said cylinder port;

72 In. an internal combustion engine, in combination,- anosoillatory sleeve valve ha ing' an actuating fluidintake port;,.an actuatingfluidoutlet port and a used fluid dis-v charge port;. a; continuously rotary. hollowv-alve; mcn'iben within said sleeve and having an; actuatingfl'uid' intake port, an r actuating fluid; outlet; port; a used fluid intakeport and-a usechfl-uid outlet port, the usedfluid intake and used fluid outlet ports of the rotary member- I being operatively connected by a conduit; and'aocylinder having aport operative at. one time-asv an actuating fluid intake port and at another time as; a used fluid outlet port; the actuating fluidzintake port of said sleevecoacting; with theactuating-fluid intake port of the rotary memher the actuating; fluid outlet portotthe rotary member coacting with the port of saidmylinder wh-ensaid-port acts as an actuating fluidintake port, the used fluid'intake portof the rotary member meeting; with the port ofsaid, cylinder when said cylinder port act-s as aused fluidoutlet port, and the conduit-connected used fluid intake and, used ltl fluid outlet ports of the rotary member coacting with the used fluid discharge port of the oscillatory sleeve, the actuating fluid outlet port of the oscillatory sleeve being at all times in communication with said cylinder port.

8. In an internal combustion engine, in combination, a head member having an actu ating fluid intake and a used fluid discharge and having an actuating fluid outlet port and a used fluid intake port; an oscillatory valve member having an actuating fluid intake port, an actuating fluid outlet port and a used fluid discharge port, said actuating fluid intake and used fluid discharge ports being respectively in continuous operative relation to the actuating fluid outlet port-and the used fluid intake port of the head member during oscillation of the oscillatory member; and a hollow continuously rotary valve member cooperating with the oscillatory member and having an actuating fluid intake port, an actuating fluid outlet port a 7 used fluid intake port, and a used fluid outlet port operatively connected to said used fluid intake port.

9. In an internal combustion engine, in combination, a head member having an actuating fluid intake and a used fluid dis charge and having an actuating fluid out let port and a used fluid intake port; an oscillatory valve member having an actuating fluid intake portx an actuating fluid outlet port and a used fluid discharge port. said actuating fluid intake and used fluid discharge ports being respectively in continuous operative relation to the actuating fluid outlet port and the used fluid intake port of the head member during oscillation ot the oscillatory member; a hollow continuously rotary valve member cooperating with the oscillatory member and having an actuating fluid intake port, an actuating fluid outlet port, a used fluid intake port, and a used fluid outlet port operatively connected to the last mentioned fluid intake port; and a cylinder havinga port operative at one time as an actuating fluid intake port and at another time as a used fluid outlet port; the actuating fluid outlet port of the rotary member coacting with the port otsaid cylinder when said port acts as an actuating fluid intake port, the used fluid intake port 01. the rotary member coacting with the portof said cylinder when said port acts as a used fluid outlet port, the actuating fluid outlet port of the oscillatory member being at all times in communication with said cyl inder port.

10. In an internal combustion engine, in con'ibination, an actuating fluid. distribution control device comprising an oscillatory member having a plurality of more than two ports, and a hollow continuously rotary member cooperating with the oscillatory member and having a plurality of more than two ports; a cylinder having a port operative at one time as an actuating fluid intake port and at another time as aused fluid outlet port and cooperating with said distribution control device; andarecipr'ocablc piston in said cylinder; said oscillatory and continuously rotary members being operated by movement of said piston.

11. In an internal combustion engine, in combination, an actuating fluid distribution control device comprising an oscillatory member having an actuating vfluid intake port, an actuating fluid outlet port and a used fluid discharge port and a hollow continuously rotary member cooperating with the oscillatory member and having an actuating fluid intake port, an actuating fluid out-let porn a used fluid intake port and a used fluid outlet port the used fluid intake port and the llIlGCl fluid outlet port of the rotary member being operatively connected; a cylinder having a port operative at one time as an actuating fluid intake port and at another time as a used fluid outlet port and cooperating with said distribution control device; and a r-eciprocable piston in said cylinder; aid oscillatory and continuously rotary members being operated by movement of said niston.

12. In an internal combustion engine, in comlunation a head member having a plurality of more than two ports; an actuating fluid control device cooperating w th the head member and comprising an oscillatory member in ving a plurality ot more than two ports and a hollow continuously rotary member cooperating with the oscillatory member and having a plurality of more than two ports; a cylinder having a portopera- 'tive at one time as an actuating fluid intake port and at another time as a used fluid out let port and cooperating with said distribution control device; and a reciprocable piston in said cylinder; said oscillatory and continuously rotary members being operated by movement of said piston.

in an internal combustion engine in mmbination, a head member having an actuating fluid intake and a used fluid discharge and having an actuating fluid outlet port and a used fluid intake port; an actuating fluid distribution control device cooperating with the head member and comprising an oscillatory member having an actuating fluid intake port, an actuating fluid outletport and a used fluid discharge port and a hollow continuously rotary member cooperating with the oscillatory member and having an actuating fluid intake port, an actuating fluid outlet port a used fluid intake port and a used fluid outlet port the used fluid intake port and the used fluid outlet port of the rotary member being operativelv connected; a cylinder having a port operalatory member and having an actuating fluid" intake port, an actuating fluid outlet port, a used fluid intake port and a used fluid outlet port; a cylinder havinga port operative atone time as an actuating-fluid intake port andat anothertimeas a used fluid outtake port or" the rotary member coacting with the-cylinder port when saidport'. acts as a used fluid outlet port the actuating fluid outlet port 0% th oscillatory member being at all times in communication with said cylinder port; and means appurtenant to saidcylinder located adjacently to the port thereof cooperating" with means com inunicatingwith the atmosphere. and app urtenant to the oscillatory'member for limiting the inter-facial pressure betweenthe oscillatory member and said cylinder. 7

15. In an internal combustion engine, in; combination, an actuating fluiddistribution control device comprising an oscillatory member having an actuating fluid intake port an actuating fluid outlet port and a usedfluid discharge port, and a continuously rotary member cooperating with the oscilla tory member andihaving anactuatingfluid intake port, an actuating fluid outlet port,. a used fluid intake port and a used" fluid outlet port; a cylinderliaving a port'opera tive-at'one time as: an actuating fluid'intake port and'at another time as a used fluid outlet port; the actuating, fluid outlet port of the rotary member coactingl with the port of the cylinder when'said port: acts as an ctuating fluid intake port; the used fluid intake port of the rotary member coacting.

: with the cylinder port when said port. acts as a used fluid outlet port, the actuating fluid outlet port of the oscillatory member being at all times in communication with said cylinder port; and a channel'in said cylinder adjacent to the port thereot' cooperating with a channel in the oscillatory member communicating with the atmosphere for limiting the inter-facial pressure between the oscillatory member and said cylinder.

nurseries:

16. In an internal combustion engineyin combination, an actuating fluid distribution control. device comprising an oscillatory member havingan actuating fluid intake port, an actuating fluid outlet port and a used fluid discharge port, and a continuous-- ly rotary member cooperating with the oscillatory member and having an acti-iatmg fluid intake port, an actuating fluid outlet tliecylinder port whensaid' porti'acts as'a used fluid outlet port; the actuating fluid outlet port of the oscillatory member being at all times in communication with said cylinder; and'meaus appurtenant to the oscillatory member cooperating with means appurtenant to the rotary member for providing a barrier for the reception of escaped gases during compression, ignition and expansion in said cylinder.

17. In an interna'l'combustion engine. in combinatiom an'actuating fluid distribution control device comprising an oscillatory member having an actuating fluid intake portgan actuating fluid outlet port and" a used fiuid-discharge port, and a-continuously' rotary member'cooperating with the os-' cillatory member and having'an' actuating fluid" intake port; an actuating fluid outlet port, a used fluid intake port and a used fluid outlet port"; a cylinder having a port operative at one time as an'actuating fluid intake port a-ndat another time as'a used fluidoutlet" port; the-actuating fluid outlet port of the rotary member coacting with the portoftlie-cylinder' when said port acts' as an actuating "fluid intake: sport, the used fluid intake-port: of the rotary member coacting with-the cylinder port'wh en said port acts as a used fluid outlet port, the actuating fluid outlet port of the oscillatory member being at all times'in communication with saidc-ylinder; anda' pair of channels cooperating withiachannel'in the rotary member-for providing a barrier for the reception of escaped gases during compression; ignition andexpansion in said cylinder;

18: Iii an internal combustion engine, in combination; an actuating fluid distribution control device comprising an oscillatory member having an actuating flu'id intake port; an actuating fluid outlet port and a used fluid discharge port, and a continuously rotary member cooperating with the oscillatory member: and" having an actuating fluid intake port, an actuating fluid outlet port, a used fluidintake'port and a used fluid outlet port; a cylinder having a port operative at one time as an actuating fluid intake port and at another time as a used fluid outlet port; the actuating fluid outlet port of the rotary member coacting with the port of the cylinder when said por acts as an actuating fluid intake port, the used fluid intake port of the rotary member coacting with the cylinder port when said port acts as a used fluid outlet port, the actuating fluid outlet port of the oscillatory member being at all times in communication with said cylinder; and a. pair of parallel channels in the oscillatory member co-opera'ting with an. arcuate channelin the rotary member for providing a barrier for the reception of escaped gases during compression, ignition and expansion in said cylinder.

19. In an internal combustion engine, in combination, an oscillatory valve member havingports and split longitudinally and diametrically oppositely of the member to provide a plurality of equal symmetrical portions; and means for maintaining said portions in separated relation and concurrently oscillatable on the same axis.

20. In an internal combustion engine, in combination, an oscillatory valve member having ports and split longitudinally and diametrically oppositely of the member to provide a plurality of equal symmetrical portions; and spring pressed means for maintaining said portions in separated relation and concurrently oscillatable on the same axis.

21. In an internal combustion engine, in combination, an oscillatory valve member having ports and split longitudinally and diametrically oppositely of the member to provide a plurality of equal symmetrical portions; means for maintaining said portions in separated relation and concurrently oscillatable on the same axis; and a valve member having ports and continuously rotatable within the oscillatory member for cooperating therewith; the separating open ing between the portions of the oscillatory member permitting expansion and contraction of the continuously rotatable member.

22. In an internal combustion engine, in combination, an oscillatory valve member having ports and split longitudinally and diametrically oppositely of the member to provide equal symmetrical portions; spring pressed means for maintaining said portions in separated relation and concurrently oscillatable on thesame axis; and a valve member having ports and continuously rotatable within the oscillatory member for cooperating therewith; the separating opening between the portions of the oscillatable member permitting expansion and contraction of the continuously rotatable member.

23. In an internal combustion engine, in combination, an oscillatory valve member having ports and a channel and splitlongitudinally of the member to provide equal symmetrical portions; means for maintaining said portions in separated relation and concurrently oscillatable on the same axis, the separating opening between said portions communicating with the atmosphere; a cylinder having a port therein cooperating with one or" the ports of the oscillatalole member and having a channel adjacent to said port, the channel of the oscillatable member communicating at one end with said separating opening and at its opposite end with said channel of the cylinder.

24. In an internal-combustion engine, in combination, an oscillatory valve member having ports and a channel and split longi tudinally of the member to provide equal symmetrical portions; means for maintaining said portions in separated relation and concurrently oscillatable on the same axis, the separating opening between said portions communicating with the atmosphere; a cylinder having a port therein cooperating with one of the ports of the oscillatable member and having a channel around said port, the channel of the oscillatable member communicating at one end with said separating opening and at its other end with said channel of the cylinder.

25. In an internal combustion engine, in combination, oscillatory valve means having an actuating fluid intake port, an actuating fluid outlet port and a used fluid discharge port; continuously rotary valve means havingan actuating fluid intake port, an actuating fluid outlet port, a used fluid intake port and a used fluid outlet port; and: a cylinder having a port operative at one time as an actuating fluid intake port and at another time as a used fluid outlet port; the actuating fluid intake port of the oscillatory means coacting with the actuating fluid intake port of the rotary means, the actuating fluid outlet port of the rotary means coacting with the port of said cylinder when said port acts as an actuating fluid intake port, the used -fuel intake port oi the rotary means being narrower than and coacting with the port of said cylinder when said cylinder port acts as a used fluid outlet port, and coacting with the used fluid discharge port of the oscillatory means for clearing said cylinder of used fluid, the actuating fluid outlet port of the oscillatory means being at all times in communication with said cylinder port.

26. In combination, a valve port head provided with a curved bearing surface and intake and exhaust ports respectively passing into said bearing surface at opposite ends; a cylinder member provided with an oscillatory valve sleeve yieldably pressed and fitted against said bearing surface and provided intermediately with an oscillatory port; a piston in the bore of the cylinder member; a crank connected to said piston; a rotary tubular valve member in said sleeve rotated at half the speed of the crank shaft, and having an exhaust conduit passing diagonally therethrough having its discharge end registerable with said exhaust port and its receiving end positioned to communicate with said oscillatory port during exhaust; said valve member being provided with an intake inlet opening and an intake discharge opening adapted for communication with said intake port and oscillatory port respectively during the intake stroke.

27. In combination, a valve port head provided with a curvedbearing surface and intake and exhaust ports respectively passing into said bearing surface at opposite ends; a cylinder member provided with an oscillatory valve sleeve yieldably pressed and fitted against said bearing surface and provided intermediately with an oscillatory port, interior relief channels to the front and rear of the oscillatory port; a piston in the bore of the cylinder member; a main shaft having a crank connected to said piston; a rotary tubular valve member fitted in said sleeve; rotating means for rotating said rotary valve member at exactly half the speed of the main crank shaft and comprising an idler shaft, a gear loose on the idler shaft and gears meshing therewith and fixed respectively on said main shaft and valve, the upper gear serving for retaining said valve member and sleeve in place at one end; and a flange collar on the other end of the valve cylinder for retaining the valve and sleeve in place at the other end.

28. In combination, a valve port head provided with a curved bearing surface and intake and exhaust ports respectively passing into said bearing surface at opposite ends thereof; a cylinder member having a port; an oscillatory valve sleeve yieldably pressed and fitted against said bearing surface and provided with an oscillatory port cooperating with' th'e port of the cylinder member and provided with relief channels to the front and rear of said oscillatory port; apiston in the cylinder member; a main shaft having a crank connected to said piston; a rotary tubular valve member fitted in said sleeve; and means for rotating said valve member at half the speed of the main crank shaft.

29. In combination, a cylinder provided with a sleeve having an oscillatory port communicating with the interior of the cylinder; a piston in the cylinder; a crank shaft having a crank connected to said piston; a rotary tubular valve member in said sleeve rotated at half the speed of the crankshaft, and having an exhaust conduit passing diagonally therethrough having its receiving end positioned to connnu'nicate with said oscillatory port during exhaust; said valve member-being provided with an intake inlet opening and an intake outlet opening adapted for communication with said oscillator port during the intake stroke, whereby the intake mixture passing through the tubular valve member in contact with the heated walls thereof and of the exhaust conduit is thoroughly mixed by the rotary and heating action of the valve member.

30. In combination, a frame; a valve port head on the frame provided with a curved bearing surface; an oscillatory sleeve mounted against said bearing surface and provided with a lower oscillatory port, a pair of inner longitudinal relief channels to the front said relief channels with each other or the H exhaust.

31. In combination, a frame comprising side members provided at the lower part with shaft bearings, at the upper part with alined bearing faces and intermediately with vertical opposed slideways and spring sup ports below the slidei ays; a head on the frame provided with a curved bearing surface cooperating with said faces to form sleeve bearings; a longitudinally split oscillatory sleeve mounted in said sleeve bearings and provided with an oscillatory lower port; a working cylinder member provided with lateral vertical guides engaged in said slide ways, and at its upper end with an upwardly disposed bearing face fitting on said sleeve and provided axially of the piston with a large opening ren'laining in communication with said oscillatory port; springs resting on said supports pressing the bearing face of the cylinder member into close contact with the sleeve and tendin transversely to compress the split sleeve; apiston in the bore of the cylinder member; a shaft in said shaft bearings having a crank connected to-said piston; and a rotary tubular valve member in said sleeve having openings registerable at times with said oscillatory port.

32. In a motor-mechanism of the class described, in combination, a mechanism-supporting frame; a cylinder-member appurtenant to the frame and having in the bore thereof a reciprocable piston operably connected with the crank of a crank-shaft which is rotatably supported by the frame, this cylinder-member having a ported valve-face fitted for coaction with a cylindrical rotary ported valve and also having formed longitudinally therein a cylinder-port and a pair of non-connecting channels which are located alongside of and non-contiguous to the two sides, respectively, of said port, and which are extended at one end thereof in said valve-face to project beyond the end of said port; a multi-ported and rotary cylindrical valve coactive with said ported valve-face and the cylinder port thereof, and having exhaust and intake conduits and ports which are located in a cylinder-port-con trolling zone of this cylindrical valve and in positions for coacting in succession with said port of the cylinder valve-face; valve-rotating means in position and connected for actuating the cylindrical valve one revolution for each two revolutions of the crank-shaft and thereby timing the operation of the valve ports for an operating cycle which includes a compression stroke of the piston; and, said rotary valve having formed circumferentially therein a circular-arc drainage-channel located to one side of said cylinder-portcontrolling zone and discharging into an exhaust conduit, said drainagethannel being also positioned circumferentially of the Valve for connecting with said projecting ends of said cylinder-valve-face channels during a compression stroke of the piston, and thereby restrict interfacial-flowage circumferentially of the rotary valve during a period of high pressure within the cylinder.

33. In combination, a cylinder member provided with a sleeve having end exhaust and intake zones and a mid-zone provided with a single oscillatory lower port in the mid-zone outside of said intake and exhaust zones, and a pair of relief channels longitudinally disposed in the inner face of the sleeve to the front and rear of the oscillatory port and projecting into the exhaust zone; a piston in the cylinder; and a rotary valve member having an exhaust conduit positioned to communicate with said oscillatory port during exhaust, and an intake opening adapted for communication with said oscillatory port intake; said valve memher being provided in said exhaust zone with an arcuate connecting channel extending through the exhaust conduit to points near the receiving ends of the exhaust conduit and the intake opening; thereby, during compression, ignition and expansion, forming a flowage barrier about the oscillatory port and connecting said channels with the exhaust port during exhaust.

34. In combination, a cylinder member having its head provided with a port smaller than the cross-section of the cylinder bore and forming an inner pressure face surrounding the port;a piston in the cylinder bore; and a movable member having exhaust and intake openings adapted for communication at times with said port; channels being formed in said head near and partly surrounding the port and forming an inner Zone of less area than said face and connect ing with the exterior atmosphere.

35. In combination, a cylinder having its head provided with a reciprocatory port smaller than the cross-section of the cylinder bore and forming an inner pressure face surrounding the port, the outer face of the head having therein relief channels near and partly surrounding the port and forming an inner zone of less area than said face; and a movable member having exhaust and intake openings adapted for communication at times with said port, and having a drainage channel at times connecting said relief channel with the exterior atmosphere.

36. In combination, a cylinder having its head provided with a port smaller than the cross-section of the cylinder bore and forming within the cylinder an inner pressure face surrounding the port, the outer face of the head having therein a relief channel surrounding the port and having a drainage channel connecting said relief channel with the exterior atmosphere and forming an inner zone of less area than said face; a piston in the cylinder; and a movable member having exhaust and intake openings adapted for conununication at times with said port.

HERMAN DOCK. 

